Strength Endurance Test: 5-Time Sit-to-Stand Test

The 5-Time Sit-to-Stand Test, also known as the Five-Repetition Sit-to-Stand Test, is a physical performance test that assesses lower body strength, lower limb power, and functional mobility. It measures the time taken to complete five consecutive sit-to-stand movements from a seated position.

Here's how the 5-Time Sit-to-Stand Test is typically conducted:

1. Equipment: You'll need a sturdy chair without armrests, a stopwatch or timer, and a designated measurement area.
2. Setup:
1. Place the chair against a wall to prevent it from sliding.
2. Position the chair on a non-slip surface.
3. Mark a starting line on the floor, a certain distance away from the chair (e.g., one meter).
3. Procedure:
1. Instruct the participant to sit with their back against the chair, feet flat on the floor, and arms crossed over their chest.
2. On the command "go" or when the stopwatch is started, the participant begins the test.
3. The participant must rise to a full standing position, then return to a fully seated position, and repeat this sequence four more times, for a total of five sit-to-stand movements.
4. The stopwatch or timer is stopped when the participant completes the fifth sit-to-stand movement, and the time is recorded.

The 5-Time Sit-to-Stand Test assesses lower extremity strength, endurance, and functional mobility. It is often used in research, clinical assessments, and rehabilitation settings to evaluate functional capacity, monitor changes over time, or compare performance across different populations.

The test can be modified to suit specific populations or clinical needs. For example, additional instructions or assistance may be provided to individuals with balance impairments or mobility limitations.

The interpretation of "normal" results for the 5-Time Sit-to-Stand Test can vary depending on factors such as age, sex, and individual characteristics. Additionally, different studies may establish different reference values based on their specific population or criteria. Therefore, it's important to consider normative data from reliable sources when interpreting test results.

In general, a faster completion time in the 5-Time Sit-to-Stand Test indicates better lower body strength, lower limb power, and functional mobility. However, the definition of "normal" may vary depending on the context and specific population being assessed.

References:

1. Whitney, Susan L., et al. "Clinical measurement of sit-to-stand performance in people with balance disorders: validity of data for the Five-Times-Sit-to-Stand Test." Physical therapy 85.10 (2005): 1034-1045.
2. Bohannon, Richard W., and Rebecca Crouch. "1-Minute sit-to-stand test: systematic review of procedures, performance, and clinimetric properties." Journal of cardiopulmonary rehabilitation and prevention 39.1 (2019): 2-8.
3. Melo, Thiago Araújo de, et al. "The Five Times Sit-to-Stand Test: safety and reliability with older intensive care unit patients at discharge." Revista Brasileira de terapia intensiva 31 (2019): 27-33.